3D printer technology is one of the innovations brought by the industrial age. It has been in our lives for many years. It is rapidly developing and used in many sectors like aviation and defence industry. This miracle manufacturing method has been frequently prefer for medical applications in recent years. In this study, 3D printer technology is introduce, various method of 3D printing are mention. And the use of this technology in biomedical applications is refer.
The use of 3d printing egypt, pharmaceutical industry, disease modelling, development of customize implants. And prostheses, organ printing, vet medicine and tissue engineering applications have been explain. And this new method compare with traditional methods that used in the biomedical field. In addition, this study includes future opportunities that are expect to become widespread and develop in the future.
3D printer technology:
It can be express with many definitions such as “additive manufacturing” and “layer manufacturing”. Although it has more than one definition, as we explained in our previous study. it is the method of adding main materials to layers that usually overlap to produce parts. Printing process basically has some steps, and the first step is modelling. Generally, computer-aid (CAD) software is prefer in 3D modelling of the part to be manufacture. The object to be manufacture can be prototype on the computer.
Selective laser sintering:
SLS produces solid parts by solidifying powder-like materials layer-by-layer. Parts are produce by laser or another high energy beam on the surface of the powder bed. The method uses laser energy as an energy source to fuse powdered materials into a solid part. In the beginning, the powders are stack on top of each other. And the powder starts to heat up with laser energy, the powder combines to form a solid object. The advantage of the method is that it enables the production of parts with a density near to full density. In this way, long post processing steps are avoid. Quality and properties of materials and some parameters of a method such as a laser energy density, laser scanning speed, scanning strategy, distance between layers. And bed temperature influence the mechanical properties of the product which manufactured by SLS.
Selective laser melting:
SLM is PBF method like SLS and EBM methods and powder bed fusion methods contain at least one thermal resource to induce fusion between the powder particles. In SLM method, the part is create layer by layer out of a powder which is heat by a laser source. When the temperature decreases, the molten material begins to solidify. The molten material forms the object while the unmelted powder portion supports the structure. When the process complete and part is built, the residual powder is remove. In the process, the powder layer is shape by laser scanning, and the object is manufacture owing to laser energy.
Conclusion:
3D printer technology can provide the production of complex-shaped parts that are difficult to produce with traditional methods, can produce easier and faster with less cost, and its use and prevalence in different sectors are increasing due to these advantages. It is especially used in the biomedical field thanks to its advantages, and it is preferr for different applications in this field every day. Some of these applications are includ as surgical applications using biomodels or templates, modelling and imaging for a better understanding of diseases, manufacturing medical devices, patient-specific implant and prosthesis applications, vet medicine applications, tissue engineering applications, pharmaceutical industry applications and organ bioprinting which is currently in the testing stage.
